ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL STRATEGIC PROJECT (PSN) FOOD ESTATE IN MERAUKE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND THE ENVIRONMENT and the Environment

Abstract

The National Strategic Project (PSN) Food Estate in Merauke Regency, South Papua, is a development policy that aims to achieve food security and national economic equality. However, its implementation has raised complex issues related to the protection of indigenous peoples' rights, environmental sustainability, and the normative legitimacy of development. This article aims to analyze the implementation of the PSN Food Estate in Merauke through the integration of the perspectives of Islamic law, human rights, and the environment. The research method used is juridical-normative with a legislative, conceptual, and analytical approach, based on a literature study of relevant legislation, international documents, and national journal articles. The results of the study show that the implementation of the Food Estate in Merauke does not fully comply with the principles of justice and benefit in Islamic law, particularly in relation to the protection of customary land, the prohibition of environmental damage (fasād fī al-arḍ), and the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. From a human rights perspective, this project has the potential to violate the rights of indigenous peoples, especially their rights to land, meaningful participation through the principle of Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC), and the right to a good and healthy environment. Meanwhile, from an environmental point of view, the conversion of forests, swamps, and peatlands poses a risk of ecosystem degradation and ecological injustice. This study emphasizes the need for a reorientation of development policies based on social justice, human rights protection, and environmental sustainability